Ranking And Ordering

Ranking And Ordering - Short-cut Tricks And Examples

The position of a thing/person etc. in a definite order is called as ‘Rank’.

In this type of test, relative position or rank of some person or object are given and candidates are required to find the rank or position of other person or object.

Type of Questions

Type 1. Rank of a person in a queue

Position of person from upward	= [Total no. of persons – position of person from down] + 1.
Position of person from downward	= [Total no. of persons – position of person from up] + 1.
Position of person from right	= [Total no. of persons – position of person from left] + 1.
Position of person from left	= [Total no. of persons – position of person from right] + 1.

Example 1: Anita ranks twelfth in a class of forty six. What will be her rank from the last?

1. 34th
2. 35th
3. 36th
4. 37th

Solution. (2): Rank of Anita from the last

= [Total students – her rank from first] + 1

= (46 – 12) + 1 = 35th.

Example 2: Ravi is 7 ranks ahead of Sumit in a class of 39. If Sumit’s rank is 17th from the last, what is Ravi’s rank from the start?

1. 14th
2. 15th
3. 16th
4. 17th

Solution. (c): Rank of Ravi from the last = 17 + 7 = 24th.

∴  Rank of Ravi from the start = (39 – 24) + 1 = 16th.

Type 2. Total number of person in a queue

Total no. of persons = [Position of person from upward/right + Position of person from downward/left] – 1.

Example 3: Rakesh ranks 7th from the top and 28th from the bottom in a class. How many students are there in the class?

1. 34
2. 35
3. 36
4. 37

Solution. (1): Total no. of students = [7 + 28] – 1 = 34.

Type 3. When two persons change their rank in a queue

If two persons are on a definite position from up and down (or left and right) and they interchange their ranks, then Total no. of persons in order = [present position of first person + previous position of second person] – 1

Example 4: In a row of girls, Shilpa is eighth from the left and Reena is seventeenth from the right. If they interchange their positions, Shilpa becomes fourteenth from the left. How many girls are there in the row?

1. 34
2. 35
3. 30
4. 37

Solution. (3): Total no. of girls

= [present position of Shilpa + previous position of Reena] – 1

= (14 + 17) – 1 = 30

Previous position of first person or present position of second person = Difference of two positions of second person + previous position of second person = Difference of two positions of first person + previous position of second person.

Example 5: In a row of children, Dipa is fifth from the left and Vijay is sixth from the right. When they interchange their places among themselves, Dipa becomes thirteenth from the left. Then, what will be Vijay’s position from the right ?

1. 4th
2. 14th
3. 8th
4. 12th

Solution. (b): Present position of Vijay

= Difference of two positions of Dipa + previous position of Vijay

= (13 – 5) + 6 = 14th

Solved Examples

Question 1. Aruna ranks twelfth in a class of fortysix. What will be her rank from the last?

Solution: Rank of Aruna from the last

= [Total student – her rank from first] + 1 = (46 – 12) + 1 = 35th.

Question 2. In a class of 35 students Kiran is placed 7th from the bottom whereas Sohan is placed 9th from the top. Mohan is placed exactly in between the two. What is Kiran’s position from Mohan ?

Solution: Position of Kiran from the top = [35 – 7] + 1 = 29 th

Position of Sohan from the top = 9th.

Difference of their positions = 29 – 9 = 20

∴ Mohan’s position from top = 9 + 10 = 19th

Hence, Kiran’s position from Mohan = 29 – 19 = 10th

Question 3. Sonal ranks 7th from the top and 28th from the bottom in a class. How many students are there in the class?

Solution: Total no. of students = [7 + 28] – 1 = 34.

Question 4. There are thirty five students in a class. Suman ranks third among the girls in the class. Amit ranks 5th among the boys in the class. Suman is one rank below Amit in the class. No two students hold the same rank in the class. What is Amit’s rank in the class?

Solution: Suman is one rank below Amit in the class. Hence two girls and four boys are ahead of Amit. Hence Amit’s rank in the class is 7th.

Question 5. Manish ranked sixteenth from the top and twenty-ninth from the bottom among those who passed an examination. Six boys did not participate in the competition and five failed in it. How many boys were there in the class?

Solution: Total no. of students = [(16 + 29) – 1] + 6 + 5 = 55.

Question 6. In a sequence of children, Kashish is fifth from the left and Mona is sixth from the right. When they interchange their places among themselves, Kashish becomes thirteenth from the left. Then, what will be Mona’s position from the right?

Solution: Second position of Mona = Difference of two positions of Kashish + First position of Mona = (13 – 5) + 6 = 14th

Question 7. Mohan is older than Prabir, Suresh is younger than Prabir. Mihir is older than Suresh but younger than Prabir. Who among the four is the youngest?

Solution:

• Mohan > Prabir > Suresh
• Prabir > Mihir > Suresh

Hence, Mohan > Prabir > Mihir > Suresh

Alphabet Reasoning

Alphabet Reasoning 

Type I: Word Formation From Letters of Another Word

In this type, you have to form words from specific letters of a given word. Next, you need to answer questions based on the new word/words formed. Below is an example.

Example Question 1: If it is possible to make a meaningful word with the fourth, the seventh, the eighth and the twelfth letters of the word “QUANTITATIVE”, which of the following will be the second letter of that word from the left end? If no such word can be made give ‘X’ as the answer and, if more than one such word can be made, give ‘M’ as the answer.
a) E b) M c) A d) X

Solution:
The given word is,

Q	U	A	N	T	I	T	A	T	I	V	E
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12

Fourth letter in the word is – N
Seventh letter is – T
Eighth letter is – A
And twelfth letter is – E
The meaningful word you can form using the above letters is NEAT.
(Here, we can make only one word). So, the second letter from the left end is E.
Hence, the answer is Option a) E.

Type II: Letter Series

In this type, you have to find missing letters in a series. Let us see an example.

Example Question 2: What will come in the place of (?) in the following letter series?
EG, HJ, KM, NP, ?

Solution:
The letters in the series are formed by using the logic,
G is the second letter from E.
The second term (‘HJ’) starts with the successive letter of G, i.e., H.
Below diagram will help you to understand the logic behind the series better.

So the next letter in the series is QS. (Q is the next successive letter of P and S is the second letter from Q).

Type III: Identifying Letters That Match Given Conditions

In this type, you have to identify letters based on certain conditions given in the question. Here is an example.

Example Question 3: How many pairs of letters are there in the word “QUANTITATIVE” which have as many letters between them as in the English alphabet series?

Solution:
In the word, QUANTITATIVE you have to check for the pairs of letters that are in alphabet series.

In real alphabet series, the letters T and V have only one letter U between them.
In the word ‘QUANTITATIVE’ the letters T and V have only one letter I between them.
Therefore, TV is one such pair.

The other pair is AE. In the alphabet series, we have 3 letters between A and E., i.e., A, B, C, D and E.
Similarly, in the given word also, there are three letters between A and E.

Below diagram will help you to understand the solution better.

Hence, we have two such pair of letters (TV and AE).

Type IV: Arranging Words in Alphabetic Order

This type is the easiest of all. You have to arrange given words in alphabetical order and answer the corresponding questions.

Example Question 4: Arrange the following five words in alphabetical order as per dictionary then find which of the following word will come at the third place?
1) Music
2) Modern
3) Mobile
4) Manifest
5) Magic

Solution:
First, we have to arrange the words in dictionary (alphabetical) order.
First, check the first letter of the given words,

Words	Letters
Music	M
Modern	M
Mobile	M
Manifest	M
Magic	M

Here all the words start with the letter M. Therefore we have to move to the second letter to arrange in order.

Words	Letters
Music	U
Modern	O
Mobile	O
Manifest	A
Magic	A

Based on the second letter, the words can be arranged as,
Manifest
Magic
Modern
Mobile
Music
Here, the second letter of the words ‘Manifest’ and ‘Magic’ are same. Similarly, for ‘Modern’ and ‘Mobile’ the second letters are the same. In order, to find the proper arrangement we have to check with the third letter of these words.

Words	Letters
Manifest	N
Magic	G
Modern	D
Mobile	B

Now the arrangement is,
Magic
Manifest
Mobile
Modern
Music
The word that comes at the third place is ‘Mobile’.

Type V: Arrangement of Letters and Interpretation

In this type, you will find conditions based on which you have to arrange letters. Then you have to answer the questions based on the new arrangement. Below example will help you to understand clearly. (There are 3 sub questions to the below one.)

Example Question 5: Directions (i- iii) Read the following information carefully and answer the questions given below:
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

Write the first 10 letters of above alphabets in reverse order, followed by next 6 letters, followed by remaining 10 letters in reverse order.

(i). Which letter will be the thirteenth to the right of the third letter from right?
Solution to sub-question (i):
First, we have to arrange the letters based on the condition given.
Step 1 : Arrange first 10 letters in reverse order.
JIHGFEDCBA
Step 2: Next 6 letters should be followed as it is,
JIHGFEDCBAKLMNOP
Step 3: The remaining 10 letters should be reversed
JIHGFEDCBAKLMNOPZYXWVUTSRQ

Now, we have arranged the alphabets according to the question.
Next, we have to find the thirteenth letter right to the third letter from your right. You can find it using the diagram(i) shown below.

The required letter is K.

(ii). Four of the following five are alike in a certain way and form a group. Which is the one that does not belong to the group?
a) FDA b) LNZ c) PYV d) OZX e) WUR

Solution to sub question (ii):
In the arrangement we just created. (refer to diagram in sub-question (i))
Consider the first option ‘FDA. Here, D is the second letter from F and A is the third letter from D. The same logic is used to form all the terms except option d) OZX.
Below diagram will help you to understand the logic better.

(iii). How many letters are there in between letters F and O in the sequence?

Solution to sub-question (iii):
Based on our arrangement diagram (refer to the diagram in sub-question (i)), the letters in the sequence are,

F

E

D

C

B

A

K

L

M

N

O

The number of letters between F and O is 9.